Monday, April 26, 2010

Part I, Chapter XIV. The Resurrection of the Body and Life everlasting

168. What is death?
Death is the separation of the soul from the body; it is part of the penalty now incurred by mankind because of original sin.
169. Is every soul judged immediately after death?
Every soul is judged immediately after death, and this is called the particular judgment. Sacred Scripture says: it is appointed unto men once to die, and after this the judgment (Heb. ix, 27).
170. What happens at the particular judgment?
At the particular judgment souls in the state of grace are judged worthy of heaven, and souls in the state of mortal sin are condemned to hell.
171. What is heaven?
Heaven is the place or state of perfect happiness where the blessed see and enjoy God for ever.
172. What does Sacred Scripture say of the happiness of heaven?
Sacred Scripture says: Eye hath not seen, nor ear heard: nor hath it entered into the heart of man, what things God hath prepared for them that love Him (I Cor. ii, 9).
173. Do the souls in the state of grace enter heaven immediately after the particular judgment?
Souls in the state of grace enter heaven immediately after the particular judgment, if they are fully purified from sin and its effects; otherwise they go to purgatory.
174. What is purgatory?
Purgatory is the place or state of punishment in the next life, where souls are purified before they can enter heaven.
175. What souls go to purgatory?
The souls of those who die in venial sin, or who have not fully satisfied for the temporal punishment due to sin, go to purgatory.
176. What is hell?
Hell is a place or state of punishment in the next life, where the wicked undergo everlasting suffering with the Devil and his angels.
177. How do they suffer who are condemned to hell?
They who are condemned to hell are deprived of the vision of God, and suffer dreadful torments, especially that of fire, for all eternity.
178. What is meant by the resurrection of the body?
The resurrection of the body means that on the last day the bodies of all men will rise again, united to their souls.
179. What is meant by the last day?
By the last day is meant the day of general judgment, when the Son of Man shall come in the glory of his Father with his angels: and then will he render to everyone according to his works (Matt. xiv, 27).
180. If every soul is judged immediately after death, why should there be a general judgment?
A general judgment is required in order that the providence of God, who sometimes permits the good to suffer and the wicked to prosper in this life, may appear just before all men.
181. How will the bodies of the just rise?
The bodies of the just will rise like the body of our Lord Jesus Christ, glorious and immortal.
182. What will Christ say to the just on the last day?
Christ will say to the just on the last day: Come, ye blessed of my Father, possess you the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world (Matt. xxv, 34).
183. How will the bodies of the damned rise?
The bodies of the damned will not rise glorious, but they will be immortal, to share in the everlasting punishment of the soul.
184. What will Christ say to the wicked on the last day?
Christ will say to the wicked on the last day: Depart from me, you cursed, into everlasting fire, which was prepared for the Devil and his angels (Matt. xxv, 41)
185. What does life everlasting mean?
Life everlasting means that, if we serve God faithfully in this life, we shall see, love and enjoy Him for ever in heaven.
186. What is the meaning of the word Amen?
By the word Amen is meant so be it: at the end of the Apostles' creed it expresses our firm belief in all the doctrines that the Creed contains.

Saturday, March 27, 2010

Part I, Chapter XIII. The Communion of Saints and the Forgiveness of Sins

163. What is meant by the Communion of Saints?
By the Communion of Saints is meant the union of the faithful on earth, the blessed in heaven, and the souls in purgatory, under Jesus Christ as their head.
164. Can the blessed in heaven help the souls in purgatory and the faithful on earth?
The blessed in heaven can help the souls in purgatory and the faithful on earth by praying for them.
165. Can the faithful on earth help the souls in purgatory?
The faithful on earth can help the souls in purgatory by prayer and good works, by indulgences and especially by the holy sacrifice of the Mass.
166. Can the faithful on earth help one another?
The faithful on earth can help one another by their prayers and good works.
167. What is meant by the forgiveness of sins?
By the forgiveness of sins is meant that Christ has given to the pastors of his Church the power of forgiving sins.

Monday, March 22, 2010

Part I, Chapter XII. The Rulers of the Church

151. Who is the head of the Church?
Our Lord Jesus Christ is the invisible head of the Church, which is his Mystical Body.
152. Has the Church a visible head on earth?
The Pope, who is bishop of Rome, is Christ's vicar on earth and visible head of the Church.
153. Why is the Pope the visible head of the Church?
The Pope is the visible head of the Church because he is the successor of St. Peter, who was chief of the apostles, and first bishop of Rome.
154. When did Christ promise to make St. Peter head of the Church?
Christ promised to make St. Peter head of the Church when He said to him: Thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build My Church...
and I will give to thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven (Matt. xvi, 18-19).

155. When did Christ fulfil his promise and make St.Peter head of the Church?
Christ made St. Peter head of the Church when, after the resurrection, He said to him: Feed my lambs, feed my sheep (John xxi, 15-17).
156. What power has the Pope over the Church?
The Pope, as successor of St. Peter, has supreme power over the whole Church and every part of it, in matters of faith, of morals and of discipline.
157. Who are the successors of the other apostles?
The bishops of the Holy Catholic Church are the successors of the other apostles.
158. Is the Church infallible?
The Church is infallible, that is, it cannot err, when it teaches doctrines of faith and morals to be held by all the faithful.
159. How do we know that the Church is infallible?
We know that the Church is infallible, because Christ promised the apostles and their successors that He would send the Holy Ghost to guide and teach them, and that He Himself would be with them all days, even to the end of the world.
160. Who in the Church can teach infallibly?
The infallible teachers in the Church are the Pope, and the general body of bishops united with the Pope.
161. What is the authority of the bishop in his own diocese?
The bishop in his own diocese has power from God to teach, to sanctify and to rule the faithful, in subjection to the Pope, and in accordance with the laws of the Church.
162. How can the faithful help the Church?
The faithful can help the Church in its work, by defending it against attack, by being active members of Catholic societies, and by giving good example in their own lives.

Saturday, March 13, 2010

Part I, Chapter XI. The Holy Catholic Church

138. What is the Church?
The Church is the visible society founded by Christ Himself, to continue on earth his work of teaching, sanctifying and ruling mankind, for their eternal salvation.
139. To whom did Christ give power to govern his Church?
Christ gave to St. Peter and the other apostles and to their lawful successors the power to teach, sanctify and rule the members of his Church.
140. Did Christ found only one Church?
Jesus Christ founded only one Church, for he declared: there shall be one fold and one Shepherd (John x, 16).
141. Did Christ give to his Church any marks by which it can be clearly known?
Yes, Christ gave his Church four marks: He intended his Church to be one, holy, catholic and apostolic (John x, 16; Eph. v, 25-27; Matt. xxiv, 14; Eph. ii, 20).
142. Which of the many bodies claiming to be the Church is the one true Church founded by Christ?
The Catholic Church is the one true Church founded by Christ, because it alone has the four marks of the true Church.
143. How is the Catholic Church one?
The Catholic Church is one, because all its members profess the same faith, have the same sacrifice and sacraments, and obey the same visible head on earth.
144. How is the Catholic Church holy?
The Catholic Church is holy, because its doctrines, sacraments and sacrifice enable men to become holy, and because so many of its members have been eminent for holiness in all ages.
145. How is the Catholic Church catholic or universal?
The Catholic Church is catholic or universal, because by its nature it is not limited to any nation, but has existed in every age, and has spread throughout the world.
146. How is the Catholic Church apostolic?
The Catholic Church is apostolic, because it traces its origin to the apostles, is governed by their succesors and teaches their doctrine.
147. Are these four marks to be found in any other body claiming to be the Church of Christ?
No: these four marks are found only in the Catholic Curch: other bodies are divided among themselves in faith and worship, or have not the means of holiness, or are not catholic or apostolic.
148. Must everyone belong to the Catholic Church?
Everyone must belong to the Catholic Church, and no one can be saved who, through his own fault, remains outside it.
149. Who are the members of the Catholic Church?
The members of the Catholic Church are all baptised persons who profess the faith it proposes, partake of its sacrifice and sacraments and are governed by the Pope and the Bishops united with him.
150. Will the Church last to the end of the world?
The Church will last to the end of the world, because Christ has promised that the gates of hell shall not prevail against it, and that He will be with it all days, even to the end of the world (Matt. xvi, 18; xviii, 20).

Friday, March 5, 2010

Part I, Chapter X. The Virtues. The Gifts of the Holy Ghost.

124. What are the chief supernatural gifts bestowed on us with sanctifying grace?
The chief supernatural gifts we receive with sanctifying grace are the three divine virtues and the seven gifts of the Holy Ghost.
125. What is a virtue?
A virtue is a habit which enables or disposes us to do good acts.
126. Which are the three divine virtues?
The three divine virtues are faith, hope and charity.
127. Why are faith, hope and charity called divine virtues?
These virtues are called divine, because they have God for their direct object.
128. What is faith?
Faith is the divine virtue by which we firmly believe the truths revealed by God.
129. Why do we believe the truths revealed by God?
We believe the truths revealed by God, because He can neither deceive nor be deceived.
130. What is hope?
Hope is the divine virtue by which we desire and firmly expect eternal happiness with God Himself and the means to obtain it.
131. Why do we hope in God?
We hope in God, because He has promised us eternal life, and because he is infintely powerful, good and merciful and is faithful to his promises.
132. What is charity?
Charity is the divine virtue by which we love God above all things for his own sake, and our neighbour as ourselves for the love of God.
133. Why should we love God above all things?
We should love God above all things, because He is infinitely good.
134. Why should we love our neighbour for the love of God?
We should love our neighbour for the love of God, because he is made in the image of God, and is destined for eternal happiness with God in heaven.
135. Name the seven gifts of the Holy Ghost.
The seven gifts of the Holy Ghost are wisdom, understanding, counsel, fortitude, knowledge, piety and the fear of the Lord.
136. How do the gifts of the Holy Ghost help us?
The gifts of the Holy Ghost help us by making us more alert to see the things of God and more prompt to obey his will.
137. What are the principal virtues that help us to do our duty to our neighbour and ourselves?
The principal virtues that help us to do our duty to our neighbour and ourselves are the four cardinal virtues, prudence, justice, fortitude and temperance.

Friday, February 26, 2010

Part I, Chapter IX. The Holy Ghost and Grace

111. Did Christ make any special promise to his apostles before he ascended into heaven?
Before He ascended into heaven, Christ promised his apostles that He would send the Holy Ghost, the Spirit of truth, to teach them all things, and to abide with them forever (John xiv, 16, 26).
112. On what day did the Holy Ghost descend on the apostles?
On Pentecost or Whit Sunday, ten days after the Ascension, the Holy Ghost descended on the apostles in the form of tongues of fire (Acts ii, 2-4).
113. Why did Christ send the Holy Ghost?
Christ sent the Holy Ghost to teach and strengthen his apostles, and to guide and sanctify his Church until the end of time.
114. How does the Holy Ghost guide and sanctify the Church?
The Holy Ghost guides and sanctifies the Church by dwelling in it, by enlightening its rulers, and by making its members holy through the gift of grace.
115. What is grace?
Grace is a supernatural gift bestowed on us by God for our salvation.
116. How many kinds of grace are there?
There are two kinds of grace, sanctifying grace and actual grace.
117. What is sanctifying grace?
Sanctifying grace is that grace which makes the soul holy and pleasing to God, and confers on it a new and supernatural life which makes it share in the nature of God Himself (II. Peter i,4).
118. What other effects has sanctifying grace?
Sanctifying grace makes us the adopted children of God, the temples of the Holy Ghost and heirs to the kingdom of heaven.
119. Is sanctifying grace necessary for salvation?
Sanctifying grace is necessary for salvation, for without it we are the enemies of God and have not a right to the kingdom of heaven.
120. What is actual grace?
Actual grace is a special help given to us by God to do good acts and avoid sin.
121. Is actual grace necessary for salvation?
Actual grace is necessary for all who have reached the use of reason, for without it we can do nothing to merit heaven.
122. What are the principal means of obtaining grace?
The principal means of obtaining grace are prayer and the sacraments.
123. Can we merit grace and a heavenly reward?
Provided we are in the state of grace, we can, by our good works, merit an increase of grace and eternal life (I. Cor. x, 31)

Monday, February 22, 2010

Part I, Chapter VIII. The Redemption

93. What is meant by the Redemption?
By the Redemption is meant that Jesus Christ made atonement to God for our sins and merited for us the grace by which, from being enemies of God, we can become his adopted children (John i, 12).
94. How did Christ redeem us?
Christ redeemed us by his sufferings and by his death on the cross.
95. How did Christ die?
On Good Friday Christ was crucified and died nailed to the cross.
96. Who condemned Christ to death?
Pontius Pilate, the Roman governor, condemned Christ to death at the desire of the Jews.
97. What lessons do the sufferings and death of Christ teach us?
The sufferings and death of Christ teach us the wickedness of sin, the necessity of penance and the greatness of God's love for us.
98. How do we show our belief in the Redemption?
We show our belief in the Redemption by making upon ourselves the sign of the Cross.
99. Where did Christ's soul go after his death?
After Christ's death his soul descended into hell: this was not the hell of the damned, but a place or state of rest called limbo.
100. Who were in limbo?
The souls of the just who died before Christ were in limbo, awaiting the redemption.
101. Why were the souls of the just detained in limbo?
The souls of the just were detained in limbo, because heaven was shut against mankind by the sin of Adam, and was opened only by the death of Christ.
102. Why did Christ descend into limbo?
Christ descended into limbo to announce to the just the joyful news of their redemption (I Pet. iii,19).
103. Where was Christ's body, while his soul was in limbo?
While Christ's soul was in limbo, his body was in the tomb.
104. Did Christ rise from the dead?
On Easter Sunday, the third day after his death, Christ arose, body and soul, glorious and triumphant, from the dead.
105. What does the resurrection of Christ prove?
By raising Himself from the dead Christ proved that He is truly God (John ii, 19-22).
106. How long did Christ remain on earth after his resurrection?
Christ remained on earth forty days after his resurrection, to show that He was truly risen from the dead and to instruct his apostles.
107. When did Christ ascend into heaven?
On Ascension Thursday, forty days after his resurrection, Christ ascended from Mount Olivet, body and soul, into heaven.
108. Where is Christ in heaven?
In heaven Christ sits at the right hand of God the Father Almighty.
109. What do we mean when we say that Christ sits at the right hand of God?
We mean that while Christ as God is equal to the father in all things, as man He is in the highest place in heaven, next to God in power and glory.
110. What do we mean when we say: From thence He shall come to judge the living and the dead?
We mean that on the last day Christ will come again to judge all men according to their works.